USA y su Petroleo

US Should flex muscles from oil geopolitical renaissance, Forum Told

WASHINGTON, DC, Mar. 22

03/22/2016

By  Nick Snow
OGJ Washington Editor

     

The US Should be less hesitant to use ITS geopolitical influence expanded after changing from a nation Relying increasingly on oil and gas imports to one poised to be a major exporter, Manhattan Institute Senior Fellow Mark P. Mills Said.

"There has never been much new oil produced That That fast in history," I Said in keynote remarks at a Mar. 22  Hudson Institute  conference examining geopolitical Implications of the US shale oil and gas revolution. "It completely shocked the global markets. The US Went from being a supplicant to a possibly major overall influence.

"The issue of energy independence, Which HAD Seemed So Important, Suddenly was backward from what's going on," Mills Said. "We Have an opportunity for geopolitical influence That We Have not exercised. Perhaps the next administration will explore forming partnerships With our allies to Facilitate more oil and gas exports. "

Mills Questioned the notion That  crude prices  plunging from $ 100 / bbl to $ 30 / bbl in 18 months will Have long-term Impacts on US  oil production  as projects Were Were Canceled and workers laid off. The Independent Producers figured so prominently WHO in US shale oil and gas production growth Have Their operations made ​​more efficient and economic, Mills Said.

This year, Mills Said, will be "a defining" one for many Producers "Because Their hedges are coming off and they'll Have to pay actual prices." That I NOTED more importantly "there are billions of dollars in equity lined up to invest in distressed companies and aggregate them into stronger competitors. "

He Said, "Technology has made huge swaths Simple past of America's oil fields profitable at $ 30 / bbl. The reality is we need to change That policies so we can export more oil and gas. "

A series of influences

Other speakers, however, less confident That Were the US could use ITS Relatively new oil and gas abundance to wield significant diplomatic influence.

"From the industry's perspective, there are limits to using energy as a tool policy," Said Edward Chow, WHO spent 20 years working for Chevron Corp. in US and overseas Capacities before becoming a senior fellow at the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Energy and National Security Program.

"The shale revolution did not happen overnight," Chow Said. "It started with basic research in the 1960s and '70s Were When gas prices low and domestic production was falling. But ITS benefits Were Also stimulated by non-oil growth technology and private ownership of land. "

Said Chow, "Its impact on Europe was evident well before we Became an LNG exporter. The Earlier imports growing our domestic production Replaced available for other Became markets, putting pressure on other suppliers' prices. Last week, the first US LNG export cargo arrived in-of all places-Brazil. "

Europe and Russia are each trying to diversify-the first by getting more gas suppliers, and the second by trying to sell more gas to China and East Asia, NOTED another speaker, Hudson Institute Senior Fellow Hannah Thoburn. Lithuania is working to get US gas, and Poland, Which has opened first LNG terminal ITS, is importing from Qatar and constructing a transmission grid across other Baltic states, She Said.

But Brenda Shaffer, an adjunct professor at Georgetown University's Center for Eurasian, Russian, and East European Studies, Warned That some Eastern European Countries May be making a mistake by thinking heavy reliance on LNG and  floating storage  is an easy way to diversify Their gas supplies . Costs are much greater than pipeline gas and coal Could drive demand and alternatives to, She Said.

"At the end of the day, there's still a gap Between LNG and pipeline gas cheaper from Russia or elsewhere," Shaffer Said. "There are there also significant infrastructure problems. The percentage of gas is not a fair Also measurement of a country's supply security Because each has different requirements and limitations. "

When Mills Suggested That the US has an overwhelming advantage in Its oil-field service and supply expertise, Chow conceded That it's so much Relatively permanent Because of That technology can not be Transferred overseas. "But it Could Be Adapted," Chow Said. "Once it is successfully for the first time-no matter Where it happens-other country clubs will realize They can do it too."

Maintain strategic interests

A strong US Global oil and gas supply position does not mean the country Should neglect in the interests ITS Middle East and Persian Gulf, speakers Agreed. "I'm not a huge believe in energy geopolitics," Said Nikos Tsafos, president and chief analyst at enalytica, an energy strategic services company. "Middle East Producers are better equipped now to withstand an oil price downturn. May there be shocks, but it's difficult to quantify Their geopolitical effects. "

The last time crude prices rebounded, Most Middle East Producers used the windfall to pay down debt before spending money on new projects, Tsafos Said. "It's hard to draw a line Between oil prices and depressed Governments' policies," I Said.

"It comes down to each country's Circumstances," Tsafos Said. "Sometimes, a Weakened government tries to do something strong to Retain ITS domestic political credibility. It would be a mistake to try and leverage abundant US gas to stick it to Gazprom. Purely political decisions can create long-term problems. "

US oil product exports before the export ban was repealed crude "led to our eating European refiners' lunch," Chow Said. "Once we Decided to export crude, Those refineries Could start receiving it. It's in the US interest to Encourage esta Because It Would Have hardly any effect on US product exports to other foreign markets. There's a lesson here Also tapping of indigenous resources as we did in North America That Should Europe take a closer look at. "

US production Also Could Quickly recover more than many experts believe, Mills Said. "If the price stays over $ 40 / bbl for the next few months, we'll see a second shale-oil revolution begin," I Indicated. "We see a period of Could Several oil and gas prices stay lower Where gluts. It would be not just the biggest wealth transfer in history from major oil producing nations and oligarchs to a group of independent Producers, But Also Potentially the biggest geopolitical change in decades. "

Contact Nick Snow at  nicks@pennwell.com .